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Good to know your riding background!

The Honda Africa Twin is a great choice, IMO.

NOTE: getting parts for ALL bikes not local will require a wait. For the thousands of little Chinese bikes, you may find parts in local shops. Others (Japanese, German, Austrian, American) you will have to order parts ... and, depending where you are, you wait 2 weeks ... or 2 months! Plus, you may have to pay import duty (tax) for any imported parts.

New, yes, not for sale anymore. But there are still many used ones out there for sale. And remember, Yamaha will support parts on that bike for at least 15 years in future.

You have a set "start date" for your trip? I did not see that in your post. Nearly anytime is good here in California to begin your travel. We ride year round. But November, December, January and Feb. are best to travel through Mexico and Cent. America.

I would save USA part for another trip or AFTER you finish with mex, Cent. America, S. America. Also, you want to try to reach Tierra Del Fuego by March. After that, it can get cold, maybe too cold to ride? (NOTE: November to March is best time for travel in this region)

Many riders from Europe buy bikes in USA (California, Arizona mostly) and save $2000 USD cost to ship bike from France to S.America.

Here you can also buy the Africa Twin here ... and cheaper than in France or EU.

If you want to spend less, look at bikes like: KLR650, DR650 (Suzuki) or Honda XR650L or R. All for sale here NEW or USED. Prices will range from $2500 up to about $6000 for those bikes used. New, a bit over $6000.

Used Africa Twin a bit rare, cost "around" $10,000 USD.

Also consider smaller bikes like Honda CRF250L, KLX250S and Yamaha WR250R (WR is my current favorite bike).

All these capable 250's would be GREAT for a S. America trip, not so good for FAST USA Freeways ... but fantastic on S. America dirt roads.
See above!

Good luck Victor!