I might repeat what has been said. You only get a five days transit visa.
The country is pretty empty, and going off road by yourself might be risky (in terms of health).
If you encounter inhabitants, one of them will surely be wearing a uniform. Then, it becomes risky, for other reasons.
I went from Sarak border (from Iran) to ashkabat, turkmenbashi, bekdash, and into Kazakhstan. The distance is about 1100 km - if my memory is correct. Entering the country, you have to pay a tax, that compensates the price of fuel in the country compare to "occidental coutries". This tax is proportionnal to the distance you drive in turkmenistan.
Between bekdash and the kazakhstan border, you get 100km of bad road, 50km of "track in the steppe"'. Once you've crossed the border, you get a 50km extra of this track...
Enjoy!
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