I think your doctor gave you excellent advice. You can't take anti-malaria tablets for a longer period of time. Apart from the side-effects, they'll ruin your kidneys.
I have been living permanently in SE Asia (and traveling around a lot of my time) for nearly twenty years now, without any prophylaxis. I never caught malaria, nor dengue. But I did get chikungunya (which is similar to dengue) once.
Malaria is only active in certain smaller areas (usually far into the rural countryside), and mainly during the wet season. Dengue is far more an urban disease, and normally much more of a risk for most travelers. But then again, no worry, because there's no vaccine, nor cure.
Nowadays, malaria can also be treated very effectively in a few days.
Hence, I wouldn't worry too much about it all. Just take sensible precautions: long sleeves, some mosquito repellent, and use a mosquito net at night. If things should really go wrong, malaria can be cured.
If you happen to get dengue (or chikungunya), that's the end of the trip. You'll have to sweat it out: (very) high fever for 4-5 days, make sure you drink a LOT of water, take a shower every couple of hours (to cool down), and use a ceiling fan at moderate speed. Once the fever breaks, the muscle pain will kill you. Fly home to recuperate (you'll be feeling terribly weak for a month or two, and the pain can last for up to six months).
Anyhow, let the above be not intimidating: when you take normal and sensible precautions, the risk to get sick is extremely low.
Worry about Delhi-bellie instead. Getting stomach trouble is almost guaranteed on any longer trip in a developing country. :=)